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Decoding the
Architecture
of Experience

A multidisciplinary research center at NIMHANS bridging modern neuroscience with India's ancient contemplative traditions.

About

Vision & Mission

Vision

To be a global leader of excellence in consciousness studies
CCS Logo

Our Mission

01

Build a platform for multidisciplinary research integrating Indian philosophical wisdom with neuroscience.

02

Undertake research on tradition-based meditation techniques and their effects on consciousness and wellbeing.

03

Provide leadership in mind-brain-self and consciousness by creating opportunities for young scientists and faculty.

04

Promote teaching and learning activities across the domains of consciousness.

05

Undertake Yoga and meditation-based intervention approaches into neuropsychiatric clinical settings.

History

Our Legacy

“
Deciphering the scientific basis of consciousness is one of the greatest challenges confronted by neuroscientists, philosophers, mathematicians, and evolutionary biologists alike.
”
1976

Project Consciousness

Inaugurated at NIMHANS (Dept. of Neurophysiology, ICMR-funded under Prof. T. Desiraju). A whole-body study of yoga and meditation in sound-proof cabins: 91 men registered; TM, Rajayoga, Yoga Nidra, pranayama.

1982–85

Symposium and first lab

A 1982 symposium on Yoga, Brain & Consciousness brought yoga, neuroscience and philosophy together; the first lab followed with a 13-channel EEG polygraph, a 4-channel portable polygraph and Russian collaborators.

2000–2020

Cognitive & Sleep Lab

Under Prof. Bindu M. Kutty. Expanded beyond sleep into high-density EEG/ERP, fMRI, cognitive paradigm development, and meditation studies across traditions, alongside whole-night polysomnography, Ayurveda/yoga trials, schizophrenia, and lucid dream decoding.

2020+

Centre for Consciousness Studies

Founded by Prof. Bindu M. Kutty. Four core areas: sleep & dreams, mind–body & contemplative, clinical & developmental, neurotechnology. Cross-tradition EEG, wearables, open-source tools.

Yoga is not a relaxation switch. It trains homeostatic adaptability. Lesson of Project Consciousness: after TM, ventilation fell; after Rajayoga and pranayama it rose. Every person showed their own pattern, session to session.
See the full architecture of experience →

India has a long tradition of exploring consciousness from philosophical and cultural perspectives. NIMHANS, by virtue of its indisputable competence in neuroscience and mind science, is uniquely positioned to establish a multi-disciplinary center for consciousness studies.

Renowned scientists of NIMHANS — late Prof. T. Desiraju, late Prof. R.M. Verma, and late Prof. R.L. Kapur — had recognized the importance of initiating studies to explore the neural basis of brain–mind–self and consciousness. ICMR funded a project on consciousness studies in 1976 under Prof. T. Desiraju, whose team undertook landmark studies on the neurophysiology of Yoga and Meditation.

Building on this legacy, the current research team under Prof. Bindu M. Kutty has initiated studies spanning neural mechanisms of meditation, meditation and cognition, sleep organization, neurobiology of schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders — accumulating over 20 years of core expertise in EEG, ERP, MRI, fMRI, and psychometric assessment.

Team

The People Behind the Science

Dr PN Ravindra avatar

Dr Ravindra PN

Additional Professor and Officer In Charge - CCS

Dr Arun avatar

Dr Arun

Scientist-D (Neuroscience)

Dr Rahul Venugopal avatar

Dr Rahul Venugopal

Scientist-C (Cognitive Science)

Dr Praerna Chowdhury avatar

Dr Praerna Chowdhury

Scientist-C (Yogic Science)

Dr Neethi Prem avatar

Dr Neethi Prem

Post-Doctoral Fellow

Active PhD Scholars

Amritharekha Nayak

PhD Scholar (2022–2027)
Frontal-midline-theta training & mentation

Saksham Agarwal

PhD Scholar (2023–Present)
Neurophysiology & phenomenology of Yoga Nidra

Krithika A Ramaswamy avatar

Krithika A Ramaswamy

PhD Scholar (2025–Present)
Resonance breathing & perception in ADHD

Ahamed Siyam Hussain M avatar

Ahamed Siyam Hussain M

PhD Scholar (2025–Present)
VR-assisted induction of lucid dreaming

Praerna Chowdhury avatar

Praerna Chowdhury

PhD Scholar (External – SVYASA, 2022–2026)
EEG-signatures of meditation proficiency

Completed PhD Scholars
Suma Bhaskar avatar

Suma Bhaskar

PhD Scholar (2021–2025)
Yoga intervention in adolescent depression

Safoora Naaz avatar

Safoora Naaz

PhD Scholar (2021–2025)
Sleep spindle modulation in MCI

Active M.Sc. Students
Vaishnavi G Nair avatar

Vaishnavi G Nair

M.Sc. Neuroscience, NIMHANS (2026–2027)
Heart-brain biases in perception

Saakshi Goswami

M.Sc. Neuroscience, NIMHANS (2026–2027)
Pressure-based nasal airflow wearable

M D Minhaj Alam

M.Sc. Neuroscience, NIMHANS (2025–2026)
Perceived stress & sleep micro-architecture

Completed M.Sc. Students

Devangana Sharma

M.Sc. Neuroscience, NIMHANS (2024–2025)
Working memory & network dynamics

Pragya avatar

Pragya

Research Staff

Jimisha avatar

Jimisha

Medical lab technologist

Jini Joseph avatar

Jini Joseph

Medical lab technologist

Doctoral Alumni (Ph.D. Scholars)
Dr Ajay Kumar Nair avatar

Dr Ajay Kumar Nair

PhD Alumnus

Dr Arathi Radhakrishnan avatar

Dr Arathi Radhakrishnan

PhD Alumna

Dr Basavaraj Tubaki avatar

Dr Basavaraj Tubaki

PhD Alumnus

Dr Gulshan Kumar avatar

Dr Gulshan Kumar

PhD Alumnus

Dr Harsha Halahalli avatar

Dr Harsha Halahalli

PhD Alumnus

Dr Nirmala M avatar

Dr Nirmala M

PhD Alumna

Dr Pranay S Yadav avatar

Dr Pranay S Yadav

PhD Alumnus

Dr Ramajayam G avatar

Dr Ramajayam G

PhD Alumnus

Dr Ratna Jyothi Kakumanu avatar

Dr Ratna Jyothi Kakumanu

PhD Alumna

Dr Ravi Kiran Kisan avatar

Dr Ravi Kiran Kisan

PhD Alumnus

Dr Saketh M avatar

Dr Saketh M

PhD Alumnus

Dr Shweta Rastogi avatar

Dr Shweta Rastogi

PhD Alumna

Dr Sulekha S avatar

Dr Sulekha S

PhD Alumna

Dr Vrinda M avatar

Dr Vrinda M

PhD Alumna

Research Scholars & Staff Alumni

Adla Zubair

Research Intern

Aishwarya Swamy avatar

Aishwarya Swamy

Research Fellow

Kishan

Project Staff

Mohit

Project Staff

Ramachandra avatar

Ramachandra

Technical Staff

Sruthi Susan Kuriakose avatar

Sruthi Susan Kuriakose

Research Scholar

Founder · Centre for Consciousness Studies
Prof Bindu M Kutty avatar

Prof Bindu M Kutty

Founder, Centre for Consciousness Studies
Former Professor & Head, Dept. of Neurophysiology

Foundational Pioneers (1976–1992)

The pioneering scientists of Project Consciousness who together laid the foundational research at NIMHANS.

Prof. T Desiraju avatar

Prof. T Desiraju

Principal Investigator, Project Consciousness
Professor & Head, Neurophysiology

Dr. Kanchan avatar

Dr. Kanchan

Scientist & Research Investigator
Project Consciousness

Dr. BL Meti avatar

Dr. BL Meti

Scientist & Research Investigator
Project Consciousness

Dr. Shirley Telles avatar

Dr. Shirley Telles

Scientist & Research Investigator
Project Consciousness

Lomonosov Moscow State University
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS
Reykjavik University & University of Washington
Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, NIMHANS
University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research
Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS
Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS
Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS
Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS
Head, Complex Systems Programme, School of Natural Sciences & Engineering, NIAS
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS
CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval
Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, NIMHANS
Assistant Professor, IIT Mandi
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Center for Healthy Minds, UW–Madison
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS
National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS)
GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, University of Liège
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
Active Trainees (6)
Name Institute Status & Period
Naveena Sunil MAHE Active Mar 2026 – Oct 2027
Shatakshi Singh IISER Berhampur Active Jun 2026 – Mar 2027
Kshitija Chakre MIT World Peace University (MIT-WPU) Active Jul 2026 – Dec 2026
Pallabi Pal University of Rajasthan Active Aug 2026 – Nov 2026
Delna Kuriyakose VIT, Vellore Active Sep 2026 – Nov 2026
Gargi Mangukya Manipal Academy of Higher Education Active Jul 2026 – Feb 2027
Completed Trainees (60)
Name Institute Status & Period
Sriya IIT Madras Completed Mar 2021 – Sep 2021
Kankana Bowmik IISER Mohali Completed Jun 2021 – Aug 2021
Adla Zubair IISER Tirupati Completed Jul 2021 – Sep 2021
Pranay Rakesh Bangalore Institute of Technology Completed Aug 2021 – Dec 2021
Jimisha Center for Distance Learning, GITAM, Vishakapattanam Completed Dec 2021 – Jan 2022
Adla Zubair IISER Tirupati Completed Dec 2021 – Jan 2022
Abin Jacob Christ University, Bengaluru Completed Mar 2022 – Jun 2022
Kankana Bowmik IISER Mohali Completed May 2022 – Aug 2022
Gayatri IIT Gandhinagar Completed May 2022 – Jul 2022
Adla Zubair IISER Tirupati Completed Jun 2022 – Apr 2023
Amruth AIIMS Bhopal Completed Dec 2022 – May 2023
Garima Nagal NFSU Gandhinagar Completed Sep 2022 – Feb 2023
Keerthi JSS AHER Mysore Completed Mar 2023 – Mar 2023
Vaishnavi BS JSS AHER Mysore Completed Mar 2023 – Oct 2023
Deepankan JSS AHER Mysore Completed Mar 2023 – Jul 2023
Prerana Reddy JSS AHER Mysore Completed Mar 2023 – Nov 2023
Ananda Krishnan Jiwaji University Gwalior Completed Apr 2023 – Jun 2023
Nandini IISER Mohali Completed —
Nahida Jabin IISER Mohali Completed May 2023 – Aug 2023
Shivani H IISER Mohali Completed May 2023 – Aug 2023
Ananya Sachdev UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai Completed May 2023 – Nov 2023
Ritika Khanna JSS AHER Mysore Completed Sep 2023 – Nov 2023
Yashwanth G University of Amsterdam Completed Oct 2023 – May 2024
Aysha Khenza Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Completed Dec 2023 – May 2024
Joshua D St Josephs University, Bengaluru Completed Jan 2024 – May 2024
Simra I St Josephs University, Bengaluru Completed Jan 2024 – May 2024
Mahika M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru Completed Jan 2024 – May 2024
Abhay Christ University, Bengaluru Completed Feb 2024 – Apr 2024
Shraddha M Alumnus of IIT Gandhinagar & Interned at IIT Hyderabad Completed Mar 2024 – May 2024
Ganga M Patil JSS AHER Mysore Completed Mar 2024 – Jul 2024
Ritika Khanna JSS AHER Mysore Completed Apr 2024 – Sep 2024
Vidyun Mittal Alumnus of TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN Completed Apr 2024 – Jun 2024
Nahida Jabin IISER Mohali Completed May 2024 – Jul 2024
Shivani H IISER Mohali Completed May 2024 – Jul 2024
Prakash Shrimali SVYASA Completed Apr 2024 – Nov 2024
Amritanjali Nagne IISER Mohali Completed Dec 2024 – Dec 2024
Lokeswara Vijanapalli IIT Mandi Completed Sep 2024 – Sep 2024
Dharma Thobani IIT Mandi Completed Sep 2024 – Oct 2024
Ankita Garg IIT Mandi Completed Sep 2024 – Oct 2024
Saakshi Goswami IGNOU (Correspondence) Completed Oct 2024 – Jun 2025
Vaishnavi G Nair Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Completed Jan 2025 – Jul 2025
Twinkle Yadav Jiwaji University Gwalior Completed Feb 2025 – Aug 2025
Jaisy Bridgette Devadasse UNITO, Turin Completed Apr 2025 – Jun 2025
Deepshik Sharma JAIN University, Bangalore Completed Jun 2025 – Oct 2025
Anjana Sinha JSS AHER Mysore Completed Aug 2025 – Sep 2025
Siddharth Rajesh University of Sydney Completed Sep 2025 – Apr 2026
Manasa Marthala Christ University (Central Campus) Completed Dec 2025 – Mar 2026
Chinmayi Vaidya Christ University (Central Campus) Completed Dec 2025 – Mar 2026
Priyashi Christ University (Central Campus) Completed Dec 2025 – Mar 2026
Om Tiwary Rashtriya Raksha University, Gujarat Completed Jan 2026 – Mar 2026
Niti Desai Rashtriya Raksha University, Gujarat Completed Jan 2026 – Mar 2026
Aswin Tony Trivandrum Medical College Completed Mar 2026 – Apr 2026
Neha H Nair IISER-Pune Completed May 2026 – Jul 2026
Aparna Manoj IISER Mohali Completed May 2026 – Jul 2026
Srinivasan R University of Hyderabad Completed May 2026 – Jul 2026
Sharon Zachariah Dayananda Sagar University Completed —
Harshitha P.G Dayananda Sagar University Completed —
Vishaka Biju Dayananda Sagar University Completed —
Shreya Paul Dayananda Sagar University Completed —
Nahida Jabin IISER Mohali Completed Sep 2026 – Oct 2026
Research

Four Core Research Areas

Publications

Research Output

2026

Neurodynamic profiles in the alpha band distinguish different forms of meditation

Bianca Ventura, Andrea Buccellato, Saketh Malipeddi, Rahul Venugopal, Ravindra P Nagendra, Bindu M Kutty, Georg Northoff

Neuroscience of Consciousness

2026

Neuro-behavioural correlates of cognitive flexibility associated with working memory performance in healthy volunteers

Rahul Venugopal, Arun Sasidharan, Nithin Nagaraj, Kaviraja Udupa, John P. John, P.N. Ravindra, Bindu M. Kutty

Cognitive Systems Research

2026

Development and Content Validation of a Yoga-Based Spiritual Well-Being Scale

Praerna Chowdhury, Govindaraj Ramajayam, Arun Sasidharan, P. N. Ravindra, Bindu M. Kutty

Consciousness, Cognition, and Contemplative Sciences

2026

Development and Validation of VIPASSANA Proficiency Scale

Ramajayam Govindaraji, Ratna Jyothi, Rahul Venugopal, Mariyamma Philip

Consciousness, Cognition, and Contemplative Sciences

2026

Machine Learning Models for Emotion Prediction Using Eye-Gaze Features

Sharon Zachariah, Harshitha P G, Shreya Paul, Vishaka Biju, Meenakshi Malhotra, Deepshik Sharma

IEEE

2026

Non-duality in brain and experience of advanced meditators-key role for intrinsic neural timescales

Malipeddi Saketh, Arun Sasidharan, Bianca Ventura, Rahul Venugopal, Clemens Christian Bauer, Prejaas K. B. Tewarie, Ravindra P. Nagendra, Seema Mehrotra, John P. John, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Steven Laureys, Bindu M. Kutty, Georg Northoff

Communications Biology

View All Publications
Facilities

State–of–the–Art Infrastructure

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Events

Webinars, Workshops & Conferences

2022-12-15 — 2022-12-17

7th National Workshop — Fundamentals of Polysomnography & Sleep

The seventh edition of the national workshop on Fundamentals of Polysomnography & Sleep, offering hands-on training in sleep recording and scoring techniques.

Workshop Hands-on

📍 Centre for Consciousness Studies (CCS), Bengaluru, India

2022-09-22

Man Machine Debate, 2022

Exploring Consciousness: From Non-duality to Non-locality — a structured debate on the nature of consciousness and artificial intelligence.

Seminar Debate

📍 Centre for Consciousness Studies (CCS), Bengaluru, India

2022-04-18

Young Investigator Award (SIR-YIA), 2022

Young Investigator Award offering a research grant of up to ₹3 lakhs. SpARC wing of Brahma Kumaris, Mount Abu, in collaboration with CCS.

Award Competition

📍 Centre for Consciousness Studies (CCS), Bengaluru, India

2022-03-18

World Sleep Day Panel Discussion, 2022

CCS & NIMHANS Sleep Disorder Clinic panel discussion on World Sleep Day 2022. Theme: Quality Sleep, Sound Mind, Happy World.

Panel Online

📍 Online

Opportunities

Join the Pursuit

PhD Admissions

NIMHANS Institute Fellowships for PhD admissions are available (3 seats). External fellowships from CSIR, DBT, UGC or other approved funding agencies are also accepted.

Apply via NIMHANS →

Internships & Dissertations

Students interested in doing internships or final-year dissertations are welcome. Send your CV and a brief statement of interest to our lab email.

Write to Us →

Visiting & Collaborative Research

Scholars and institutions interested in collaborative consciousness research are welcome. We actively seek partnerships across neuroscience, philosophy, and contemplative traditions.

Get in Touch →
Connect

Get in Touch

Dept. of Neurophysiology, NIMHANS, Hosur Road, Bengaluru – 560029
First floor, Old Administrative Building (stone building, opposite to Director's Office)

Monday to Saturday — 09:00 to 17:00 hrs