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Decoding the
Architecture
of Experience

A multidisciplinary research center at NIMHANS bridging modern neuroscience with India's ancient contemplative traditions.

CCS Pillars
About

Vision & Mission

Vision

To be a global leader of excellence in consciousness studies
CCS Logo

Our Mission

01

Build a platform for multidisciplinary research integrating Indian philosophical wisdom with neuroscience.

02

Undertake research on tradition-based meditation techniques and their effects on consciousness and wellbeing.

03

Provide leadership in mind-brain-self and consciousness by creating opportunities for young scientists and faculty.

04

Promote teaching and learning activities across the domains of consciousness.

05

Undertake Yoga and meditation-based intervention approaches into neuropsychiatric clinical settings.

History

Our Legacy

Deciphering the scientific basis of consciousness is one of the greatest challenges confronted by neuroscientists, philosophers, mathematicians, and evolutionary biologists alike.
1976
ICMR Funding
ICMR funds consciousness project under Prof. T. Desiraju, Dept. of Neurophysiology
1980s–90s
Foundational Work
Studies on neurophysiology of Yoga, Meditation, and psychosomatic disorders
2000s
Team Expands
Current team under Prof. Bindu M. Kutty begins EEG/ERP, fMRI, sleep research
2010s
20 Years of Expertise
Spanning cognition, sleep, meditation, schizophrenia and neurodegenerative disorders
Present
Ministry Sanction
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India officially sanctions CCS at NIMHANS

India has a long tradition of exploring consciousness from philosophical and cultural perspectives. NIMHANS, by virtue of its indisputable competence in neuroscience and mind science, is uniquely positioned to establish a multi-disciplinary center for consciousness studies.

Renowned scientists of NIMHANS — late Prof. T. Desiraju, late Prof. R.M. Verma, and late Prof. R.L. Kapur — had recognized the importance of initiating studies to explore the neural basis of brain–mind–self and consciousness. ICMR funded a project on consciousness studies in 1976 under Prof. T. Desiraju, whose team undertook landmark studies on the neurophysiology of Yoga and Meditation.

Building on this legacy, the current research team under Prof. Bindu M. Kutty has initiated studies spanning neural mechanisms of meditation, meditation and cognition, sleep organization, neurobiology of schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders — accumulating over 20 years of core expertise in EEG, ERP, MRI, fMRI, and psychometric assessment.

Team

The People Behind the Science

Dr PN Ravindra avatar

Dr Ravindra PN

Additional Professor and Officer In Charge - CCS

Dr Arun avatar

Dr Arun

Scientist-D (Neuroscience)

Dr Rahul Venugopal avatar

Dr Rahul Venugopal

Scientist-C (Cognitive Science)

Dr Praerna Chowdhury avatar

Dr Praerna Chowdhury

Scientist-C (Yogic Science)

Dr Neethi Prem avatar

Dr Neethi Prem

Post-Doctoral Fellow

Suma Bhaskar avatar

Suma Bhaskar

Graduate student

Safoora Naaz avatar

Safoora Naaz

Graduate student

Amritharekha Nayak

Graduate student

Saksham Agarwal

Graduate student

Ahamed Siyam Hussain M avatar

Ahamed Siyam Hussain M

Graduate student

Krithika A Ramaswamy avatar

Krithika A Ramaswamy

Graduate student

Pragya

Research Staff

Jimisha avatar

Jimisha

Medical lab technologist

Jini Joseph avatar

Jini Joseph

Medical lab technologist

Adla

Aishwarya Swamy avatar

Aishwarya Swamy

Dr Ajay Kumar Nair avatar

Dr Ajay Kumar Nair

Dr Arathi Radhakrishnan avatar

Dr Arathi Radhakrishnan

Dr Basavaraj Tubaki avatar

Dr Basavaraj Tubaki

Dr Gulshan Kumar avatar

Dr Gulshan Kumar

Dr Harsha Halahalli avatar

Dr Harsha Halahalli

Kishan

Mohit

Dr Nirmala M avatar

Dr Nirmala M

Dr Pranay S Yadav avatar

Dr Pranay S Yadav

Ramachandra avatar

Ramachandra

Dr Ramajayam G avatar

Dr Ramajayam G

Dr Ratna Jyothi Kakumanu avatar

Dr Ratna Jyothi Kakumanu

Dr Ravi Kiran Kisan avatar

Dr Ravi Kiran Kisan

Dr Saketh M avatar

Dr Saketh M

Dr Shweta Rastogi avatar

Dr Shweta Rastogi

Sruthi Susan Kuriakose avatar

Sruthi Susan Kuriakose

Dr Sulekha S avatar

Dr Sulekha S

Dr Vrinda M avatar

Dr Vrinda M

Prof Bindu M Kutty avatar

Prof Bindu M Kutty

Founding Professor of Centre for Consciousness Studies

Dr. BL Meti avatar

Dr. BL Meti

Scientist

Prof. T Desiraju avatar

Prof. T Desiraju

Professor

Dr. Kanchan avatar

Dr. Kanchan

Scientist

Dr. Shirley Telles avatar

Dr. Shirley Telles

Scientist

Lomonosov Moscow State University
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS
Reykjavik University & University of Washington
Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, NIMHANS
University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research
Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS
Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS
Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS
Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS
Head, Complex Systems Programme, School of Natural Sciences & Engineering, NIAS
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS
CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval
Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, NIMHANS
Assistant Professor, IIT Mandi
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Center for Healthy Minds, UW–Madison
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS
Department of Neurology, NIMHANS
Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS
National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS)
GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, University of Liège
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
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Trainee Detailed Info Placeholder
Research

Active Investigations

DST-CSRI Project

Evaluation of cognitive dysfunction in conditions of Insomnia and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness — Efficacy of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on cognition and sleep

Sleep

Sahaj Marg Project

Meditation and neuroplasticity — A study on Heartfulness meditators using EEG and MRI

Meditation

PhD Project

Neural oscillatory dynamics and cognition — A neurophysiological study

Cognition

PhD Project

A Neurophysiological and Phenomenological Study of Yoga Nidra

Meditation

Project

Simplified Kundalini Yoga (SKY) Practice and Wellbeing: A Pilot Study to Explore the Importance of Neuro-visceral Integration in Wellbeing

Meditation Wellbeing

DST-SATYAM Project

Assessment of Neurophysiology and Phenomenology of Dreaming among Long-term Practitioners of Meditation: A Window to Explore the Enduring Effect of Meditation on Consciousness

Meditation Sleep
Publications

Research Output

2026

Development and Content Validation of a Yoga-Based Spiritual Well-Being Scale

Praerna Chowdhury, Govindaraj Ramajayam, Arun Sasidharan, P. N. Ravindra, Bindu M. Kutty

Consciousness, Cognition, and Contemplative Sciences

2026

Development and Validation of VIPASSANA Proficiency Scale

Ramajayam Govindaraji, Ratna Jyothi, Rahul Venugopal, Mariyamma Philip

Consciousness, Cognition, and Contemplative Sciences

2026

Machine Learning Models for Emotion Prediction Using Eye-Gaze Features

Sharon Zachariah, Harshitha P G, Shreya Paul, Vishaka Biju, Meenakshi Malhotra, Deepshik Sharma

IEEE

2026

Non-duality in brain and experience of advanced meditators-key role for intrinsic neural timescales

Malipeddi Saketh, Arun Sasidharan, Bianca Ventura, Rahul Venugopal, Clemens Christian Bauer, Prejaas K. B. Tewarie, Ravindra P. Nagendra, Seema Mehrotra, John P. John, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Steven Laureys, Bindu M. Kutty, Georg Northoff

Communications Biology

2026

Sound-based Meditation Alters Brain Activity: EEG Evidence for Power Reduction and Enhanced Conscious Alertness

Km Megha, Ankita Mishra, Raksha Sharma, Pallabi Pal, Vijay Shanker Yadav, Arjun Ram Roja, Arun Sasidharan, Gulshan Kumar, Sanjib Patra

Annals of Neurosciences

2026

Temporal EEG Signatures of Meditation Experience: Peak Brainwave Changes at 7 Minutes During Isha Yoga Breath Watching

Saketh, Malipeddi, Sasidharan, Arun, Venugopal, Rahul, Tewarie, Prejaas K.B., P Nagendra, Ravindra, Northoff, Georg, Laureys, Steven, Subramaniam, Balachundhar, Kutty, Bindu M

Mindfulness

View All Publications
Facilities

State–of–the–Art Infrastructure

EEG / ERP Systems

Detailed technical specifications and instrument models for the EEG and ERP systems facility will be updated shortly.

Polysomnography

Detailed technical specifications and instrument models for the Polysomnography facility will be updated shortly.

Portable & Wireless

Detailed technical specifications and instrument models for the Portable & Wireless facility will be updated shortly.

Computing

Detailed technical specifications and workstation details for the Computing facility will be updated shortly.

Other Instruments

Detailed technical specifications and models for Other Instruments will be updated shortly.

Events

Webinars, Workshops & Conferences

2022-12-15 — 2022-12-17

7th National Workshop — Fundamentals of Polysomnography & Sleep

The seventh edition of the national workshop on Fundamentals of Polysomnography & Sleep, offering hands-on training in sleep recording and scoring techniques.

Workshop Hands-on

📍 Centre for Consciousness Studies (CCS), Bengaluru, India

2022-09-22

Man Machine Debate, 2022

Exploring Consciousness: From Non-duality to Non-locality — a structured debate on the nature of consciousness and artificial intelligence.

Seminar Debate

📍 Centre for Consciousness Studies (CCS), Bengaluru, India

2022-04-18

Young Investigator Award (SIR-YIA), 2022

Young Investigator Award offering a research grant of up to ₹3 lakhs. SpARC wing of Brahma Kumaris, Mount Abu, in collaboration with CCS.

Award Competition

📍 Centre for Consciousness Studies (CCS), Bengaluru, India

2022-03-18

World Sleep Day Panel Discussion, 2022

CCS & NIMHANS Sleep Disorder Clinic panel discussion on World Sleep Day 2022. Theme: Quality Sleep, Sound Mind, Happy World.

Panel Online

📍 Online

Opportunities

Join the Pursuit

PhD Admissions

NIMHANS Institute Fellowships for PhD admissions are available (3 seats). External fellowships from CSIR, DBT, UGC or other approved funding agencies are also accepted.

Apply via NIMHANS →

Internships & Dissertations

Students interested in doing internships or final-year dissertations are welcome. Send your CV and a brief statement of interest to our lab email.

Write to Us →

Visiting & Collaborative Research

Scholars and institutions interested in collaborative consciousness research are welcome. We actively seek partnerships across neuroscience, philosophy, and contemplative traditions.

Get in Touch →
Connect

Get in Touch

Dept. of Neurophysiology, NIMHANS, Hosur Road, Bengaluru – 560029
First floor, Old Administrative Building (stone building, opposite to Director's Office)

Monday to Saturday — 09:00 to 17:00 hrs